Robert Brown first observed “Brownian motion” in June 1827, while looking at some pollen grains – tiny particles that appeared as one five-thousandths of an inch across – when viewed through a microscope. Brown was examining pollen grains of Clarkia pulchella, when something radically new appeared before him in the microscope. “While examining the form of these particles immersed in water, I observed many of them very evidently in motion... these motions were such as to satisfy me, after frequently repeated observation, that they arose neither from currents in the fluid, nor from its gradual evaporation, but belonged to the particle itself.”
Brown's observations were hardly inexplicable: water after all was teeming with living organisms that could be seen only through a microscope. Pollen grains were living things too, why shouldn't they be moving around? Just to make sure that he was seeing some microscopic sign of life, Brown drenched the grains of pollen in alcohol, dried them out, scattered them in water, and put them again under the lens. Whereupon he saw that the things were still moving. This he reports was a “very unexpected fact.” so he decided to try other various pulverized objects sprinkled in water – and found that they all managed to move somehow.
This indeed was a mystery. If only he could figure out the source of the motion. But he couldn't. Here was an observation, but no theory to account for it. Later, in 1908, Jean Perrin used a newly invented instrument called the slit ultramicroscope which could make even the tiniest particles visible (although not the atoms themselves). Perrin applied Gamboge particles to water, and he he saw the same sight that Robert Brown had seen, except that now Perrin could resolve the individual moving particles and photograph them one by one. Using this microscope, Perrin was able to confirm one of Einstein's theory's and prove that atoms existed. But even after atoms were proven to exist, they were still invisible. Many people lamented, “Why must our bodies be so large compared to the atom? Is there an intrinsic reason for it?” The answer is yes. You see, atoms experience about 1,000,000,000,000,000 or 1015 collisions per second.
So you can see that God created us this size so that we would be oblivious to the chaos that lives below, because if our bodies were sensitive enough to feel atoms, or even a few atoms, we would be battered senseless! And although this puts a wide gap between us and atoms, the gap has been closed by high-powered microscopes and such. So, kT is k= a constant (Boltzmann's constant) and T= temperature in degrees kelvin. Thus, heat equals energy. Here we can see the wonderful design of our creator, who has made everything according to His purpose, and where disorder on the nanoscale turns out to be what visible objects are made of!
